Older homes can require lead-safe work practices when painted surfaces are disturbed. Use this checklist before sanding, scraping, or hiring a renovation contractor.

Homes built before 1978 may contain lead-based paint. The main risk during a repaint is not the new coating itself—it is the dust created when old painted surfaces are scraped, sanded, cut, or otherwise disturbed.

Start with the construction year

Confirm when the home was built and whether earlier layers of paint may be present. Do not assume that a newer topcoat means older layers are harmless.

Ask the contractor about lead-safe procedures

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency explains that paid renovation, repair, and painting work that disturbs paint in many pre-1978 homes and child-occupied facilities is subject to the Renovation, Repair and Painting Rule. Ask whether the firm is certified when the rule applies, how the work area will be contained, and how dust and debris will be cleaned.

Avoid uncontrolled sanding and scraping

Dry sanding without containment can spread fine dust beyond the immediate work area. Children and pregnant people are especially important to protect from lead exposure. Keep occupants and pets out of the controlled work zone.

Document the plan before work begins

A professional proposal should identify the surfaces to be disturbed, preparation methods, containment, cleanup, and disposal steps. This article is general information, not a substitute for an on-site lead assessment or regulatory advice.

Official sources and further reading

General information only: Site conditions, product requirements, regulations, and health concerns vary. Consult the appropriate licensed contractor, manufacturer, environmental professional, or public agency for your specific situation.

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